100 Years Ago in Memphis

Traveling, 1921

On Wednesday, October 5, 1921, Jessie left on a long journey to visit family and friends. Her first stop on this trip was Abingdon, Virginia where she stayed a few nights with friends. Next stop New York City, with another train to Garden City on Long Island to stay with friends there. Then on October 25 she moved to New York City. Jessie stayed in an apartment with two other girls and two guys. I’m not sure how all this was arranged as they all seemed to be temporary tenants. New York was a lot of fun for Jessie. As she said, Life these days is one grand rush for me. (Oct. 25, 1921) Everywhere she traveled she knew people and had friends. From New York, Jessie traveled to New Haven, Providence, and Boston. Then back to New York for a couple of weeks, a quick stop in Philadelphia to visit cousins, six days in Washington, one more night in Abingdon, and finally home to Memphis. She arrived in Memphis on Friday, December 23, 1921 just in time for Christmas, and having been gone two and half months. It was a very long and eventful journey, but the part I want to focus on is her visit to Washington, DC.

Jessie arrived in Washington the evening of December 14th and stayed with her Cousin Kate Southerland at the Willard Hotel where Kate lived. (Incidentally, the Willard Hotel is still in Washington just across the street from the World War I Memorial. See the photo below.) Jessie wrote in her diary the next day, I’m with my cousin Kate so of course that means we have breakfast in bed. She left a little before noon for the State Department. Kate worked at the State Department. The next day they once again slept late and breakfasted in bed before Kate left for the State Department. Though they were cousins, Kate was quite a bit older than Jessie. At this time Kate was 52 and Jessie almost 27.

The Willard Inter-Continental, Washington, D.C., 2022.

Jessie went out with various gentlemen while she was in D.C., but her most interesting times were in the company of Cousin Kate. Monday, December 19, 1921: Washington. This morning Cousin Kate took me through the State Department. Thanks to Mr. Gibbs, we were allowed to see the Secretary of State, Mr. Hughes’ private room, then the Secretary’s Ante Room. Beautiful portraits of all the Secretaries in there. I tried all the chairs.

Pres. Harding and Marie Curie at the White House, May 1921. Library of Congress Photo Library

Next Jessie received a tour of the White House. Unfortunately, The Hardings were at luncheon so we couldn’t see the dining room. That night Jessie and her date were guests at a Southern Society Ball. The ball was given in honor of Lord and Lady Lee of Fareham. Lord Lee of Fareham was one of England’s representatives at the Disarmament Conference (known officially as the Washington Naval Conference) going on in Washington at the same time. Jessie wrote, I got to meet Lord Lee and Lady Lee and they were most charming. After the ball Jessie rushed to the Hotel where she changed clothes, rushed to the train station, and caught the 3:10 AM train for Virginia. Heading home.

President Warren Harding and his wife Florence Harding

The Washington Naval Conference (the Disarmament Conference), November 12, 1921 – February 6, 1922.

F.D.

For a while Jessie called him Mr. Gardner. Then she called him Douglas. After they had known each other for some months and had become good friends he asked Jessie to call him F.D., so she did. I wish I had a picture of Francis Douglas Gardner for I would post it right here. My grandmother Jessie never once described his looks, only his acts and the ways in which he was such a loyal and generous friend to her, a gentleman in every way.

Francis Douglas Gardner (F.D.) came from a wealthy family in Liverpool, England. His family’s timber trade company, Joseph Gardner & Sons, had been operating since at least the middle of the 18^th century. F.D. was in Memphis working in the timber business along the Mississippi River and often traveled to New Orleans or New York on business.

Alligator purse from Florida given to Jessie by F.D. Gardner, June 28, 1917.

Jessie’s first date with F.D. was on May 22, 1916, and she wrote in her diary, “Had an engagement with Mr. Douglas Gardner to-night – direct from England and he is certainly a typical Englishman. I dearly love to hear him talk. He is very deliberate in his manner…. I think Mr. Gardner’s hobby is finding misspelt words. He showed me at least a dozen to-night – those signs in curios shops. He is a walker alright. We had such an interesting talk after we got home.” They continued to go out once or twice a month, and as they got to know one another and became closer friends, they went out more frequently.

Bar pin with diamond given to Jessie on her 23rd birthday by F.D. Gardner, December 18, 1917.

F.D. was a little bit of a ladies’ man, according to Jessie. He had a group of girls/women in Memphis that he took out regularly, gave parties for their birthdays, and bought them gifts and flowers. On June 15, 1917, Jessie wrote in her diary, “Had an engagement for lunch to-day with Douglas Gardner. We had lunch at the Gayoso and had quite an interesting time. He told me tales of Borneo. He leaves to-morrow for Florida. How ‘the girls’ will miss him.”

A gauze and carved ivory fan given to Jessie by F.D. Gardner, June 15, 1918.

The birthday parties he gave for Jessie and his other friends were lavish affairs with dinner for 12 or more at the Gayoso Hotel, the Country Club, or the Peabody. F.D. was also an accomplished and trained artist, and the place cards at his dinner parties were portraits of the guests (drawn by F.D. himself) in some fanciful setting, and included a bit of original prose or poetry. Every woman had a different corsage at their place, and the delicious dinner was a multi-course affair. After dinner and perhaps some dancing (live bands often played at the hotels), all the guests would drive out to someone’s home for games and wonderful prizes for everyone from F.D.. As Jessie said after her birthday, “It was all like a storybook party.”

Jessie often remarked how she’d never known anyone like F.D., that he was one of a kind, and that he was a wonderful friend. He was incredibly generous to Jessie and his friends. He almost always sent a corsage of beautiful flowers to Jessie if they had a date, and after a while every date ended with F.D. buying Jessie two boxes of candies (or rather, one box of chocolates and one box of salted almonds). After they had known one another for about a year, he began giving her very nice gifts from time to time. Sometimes Jessie would tell him that he shouldn’t give her so much, but he always said it made him happy to give gifts. When Bud died, F.D. was working in New Orleans, but he sent flowers to Jessie’s home every day. And whenever he came home to Memphis from a trip to New York or Liverpool or New Orleans, he came loaded down with presents for Jessie.

I believe this is a cairngorm pin from Scotland given to Jessie by F.D. Gardner on October 1, 1919. *If there is a jewelry expert reading who disagrees, let me know.

Not only was F.D. a sophisticated international traveler and businessman, an elegant gentleman from Liverpool, an artist and a poet, he was also an accomplished tennis player and an amateur golfer with club titles to his name. But most of all he was one of Jessie’s closest friends. I know that F.D. died in 1959 and was buried at Elmwood Cemetery in Memphis, so I hope that he and my grandmother Jessie remained friends throughout his life.

This is the drawing that no one wanted to hang in their house, including my husband. So it hangs in my laundry room. And NO I don’t believe my grandmother Jessie actually wore such a costume. Art by F.D. Gardner, date unknown.

A final interesting note: Francis Douglas Gardner (F.D.) had an older brother, Gerald Brosseau Gardner, who is known internationally in pagan and occult communities as the “Father of Wicca.”

The Cost of War

On Saturday, September 7, 1918, Jessie wrote in her diary: My heart is breaking. I can scarcely write, but it was to-day that the news of Bud’s death in France reached us. He died a hero! He was flying way up in the sky he loved when the wings of his plane fell off. I just know at the same time he took on wings of his own and kept going higher and higher to rest and peace… Frank Latham was killed on August 21, 1918, at Issoudun, France while on his final combat training flight before heading to the Front.

Jessie and her family were notified of Frank’s (Bud’s) death officially and also with a personal letter from Lieut. Bob Haverty, a friend to Frank and to Jessie. On Sunday, September 9th, Jessie’s mother received a wire from Swayne: Dearest, learned about brother yesterday. Am at Issoudun now. Have stopped flying. Be brave and strong sweetheart. I have done everything possible. God bless you, Swayne.

Obviously with both her brothers ‘over there’ Jessie had been worried. Several times in July and August and on into early September Jessie mentioned feeling blue and having bad dreams she wished she could forget. On September 9, 1918, two days after learning about Bud, Jessie wrote: Bud’s last letter was written the 19th, two days before the accident. Oh! it was so sweet. He has always been to me the most wonderful person in the world. And oh! so close that I’ve known of it for weeks. In a dream I saw it all when it happened. For weeks I’ve kept it to myself and tried to forget it but couldn’t. Since the morning of the 21st of August I’ve held my breath almost, just waiting for the message.

Frank was popular in Memphis as was his whole family. Flowers, messages of condolence, and visitors arrived every day at their home. There were even poems written in honor of Bud published in the local newspaper. Here is one called AWAY.The poet says Frank’s aircraft was a Neuport. I believe that was a misspelling and the aircraft was a Nieuport 11, a single seater French airplane used during World War 1.

Lt. Frank Latham climbing aboard his aircraft.

A funny story, January 1918

1918 was not a funny year, just like 2020 will go down in history as a most unfunny year. In January of 1918 the deadly ‘Spanish’ flu had yet to strike the U.S. (the first case would be reported in September of that year in New York), but our country was at war and the public was sacrificing for that effort. On January 21, 1918 Jessie mentioned “Heatless Monday” in her diary. All stores and offices were closed and people stayed home. There was a coal shortage in the country, partly because of transportation issues. The weather had been so cold in December 1917 and January 1918 that the Mississippi River had frozen across in places and blocked all shipping traffic. But the government also wanted to conserve coal and food to ship to Europe in the war effort and so the public sacrificed in these ways for about a month. The next day (January 22, 1918) was “Meatless Tuesday” and “Wheatless Wednesday” followed (January 23, 1918).

All was not grim though and here’s a funny story from Jessie’s diary, written on Wednesday, January 30, 1918.

…Had to go to the chiropodist then went out to Clara’s (Mrs. Exby). The funniest thing happened. She was showing me some letters from her ‘godson’ (the lonely soldier she is writing to at Greenville) and lo! and behold he had sent Swayne’s picture to her and said it was him. She nearly died laughing when I told her that her godson John had sent Swayne’s picture. She said “That’s not the funniest part. He kept writing for a picture of me. I didn’t want to disappoint him so I sent him a picture of you.” Then she showed me the letter where he had thanked her for her ____ picture.

Jessie and her younger brother Swayne were quite attractive.

A Double Wedding and the Memphis Gang

Excitement this afternoon. Mary Keeler and Estes Armstrong, Elizabeth Edwards and Guion [Armstrong] were married and went to N.Y. From there the boys, now aviators 1st Lieut., will go to France.

It was a double wedding that Jessie attended on September 25, 1917, probably rushed because of the war and the imminent departure of the brothers. As I was searching online for the maiden name of Mary who was marrying Estes, I came across a website (findagrave.com) about their future daughter’s death at 96 (in 2016). The short biography included in her listing told me more about the two brothers. Guion did not make it back from the War. He died in action and his niece, whom he never met, was named for him.

In this biography I also read for the first time about the Memphis Gang. This was a group of 24 men, including Frank (Bud) Latham, who all took their early aviation training together in Memphis, and who were some of the very first American aviators trained to fight in the war. When the U.S. entered World War I there were about 35 pilots in the country and 51 student pilots. During the war more than 40,000 men applied for the U.S. Army Air Service. 22,000+ were accepted, and of those only about 15,000 advanced beyond ground training school to primary flying training. After Frank did that, he went for advanced training in aerial combat at Issoudun, France, at that time the largest air base in the world. These young men were heroes and their bravery was without question.

Here is a link to Invader, the magazine for the 13th Bomb Squadron, which contains an article about a member of the Memphis Gang. The article is titled Hank, starts on page 6, and contains a lot of interesting information about the aviators.

Though I posted this photo recently, I am doing it again to point out Frank’s aviator wings on his chest. His brother Swayne served in the American expeditionary forces in France.

Photographs, September 1917 in Memphis

Frank Latham, 1917-18. Jessie always called him ‘Bud’.

I just love it when I’m reading about something in Jessie’s diary and realize I have the corresponding photograph(s). For that reason I am adding another post, short on words but with lots of pictures.

Frank Latham and unknown soldier. Frank is climbing into the aeroplane.

Saturday, September 8, 1917: Bud sailed this morning for France. He is going to some flying school just out of Paris. I can’t bear the thought of his being gone. Still, one of his greatest ambitions is being fulfilled. Swayne to-gether with the 1st Tennessee left Nashville to-day for Greenville, S.Car. They will soon leave for France. Deep in my heart I feel as though they will both come back. Good-bye, Good-luck, God bless them! On September 22, 1917 Jessie received a letter from Bud (Frank) that he had written while still at sea on the Adriatic. She had no idea whether he was yet in France.

Jessie Latham and Hartwell Temple with camp dog. Nashville, 1917

On September 19th Jessie received a letter from Hartwell Temple (whom she always called ‘Temp’) with some Kodak pictures of her recent visit to Nashville.

On September 22, 1917, Jessie took part in a large pageant called Armageddon given at the Fair Grounds for the benefit of the Red Cross. In her words, It presents the struggle between good and evil. Upon the world stage is Hope, Faith, Love, Song, Peace, Charity, Joy, Truth and others from Elysium, all the dwellers of Arcadia and Eutopia (Zephyrs, Sunbeams, Flowers, Fairies, Pipers, Gypsies, Shepherds and Shepherdesses, Lords and Ladies). Then Discord comes through the gateway of Pandemonium. He is followed by Ambition, Hate, Jealousy, Envy, Greed, Lust who try to destroy the Court of Love. War enters the scene, followed by Disease, Famine, Pestilence and Death. And on the instant a company of Red Cross knights dash forward to repel them, the Sons of America (boy scouts and home guards) rush into the fray, the victory is won! War is banished. The dream of the ages is realized. Costumes for the pageant were supplied by the participants. Jessie was a Medieval Lady with a high pointed hat. Her costume was back and yellow and made by Jessie, her mother, and her auntie.

Jessie Latham, Sept. 22, 1917. ‘Armageddon’

WWI comes to Memphis, April-August 1917

It was the weekend of March 30, 1917, and Jessie was visiting close friends in Covington, Tennessee. Monday, April 2nd she wrote, “J.O. and Drew both wanted dates to-night but the country is so unsettled, so much war news going around that I refused to stay longer. [I] want to be home when war is declared.” Jessie’s train left Covington fairly early that day and arrived in Memphis soon after noon. That evening Jessie wrote in her diary that President Woodrow Wilson had asked the U.S. Congress to declare war.

Monday, April 16th, “Some how ever since I got home I’ve been sad – so much war talk. Then too seeing both Swayne and Bud in their uniforms. Swayne has joined the Chicks and Bud has been transferred to the aviation corps. Here is where I become a red cross nurse.” She didn’t become a nurse, but I feel sure she thought about it. Seeing both of her siblings preparing to depart for war in France made Jessie emotional, sad and lonesome ahead of time. She loved her brothers.

Thursday, April 26, “The night the soldiers left! Swayne came out this morning to tell us good-bye. He seemed such a man when he kissed me good-bye, the tears just streaming down his dear cheeks. Bud got excused this afternoon and came out to tell us good-bye. Never before had I realized what their going really meant. No one knows when they will ever come back. Dear Sweet Bud, how I’ll miss him, for he would always come into my room at night for a talk.” The times were somber. “I’m so sad,” Jessie wrote on May 5th. “Every-body is going away. Every-body I’ve been with lately is planning to leave and it seems all my dates are ‘farewell dates’.”

A photo of Jessie’s diary, June 5, 1917. The flag may have been worn on her jacket as she worked the booths.

The 5th of June, 1917 was the first national registration day for the newly reinstated draft. All young men between the age 21-30 had to register. “I was at some of the booths and assisted in pinning red, white, and blue ribbons on all the men who registered,” and according to Jessie, more than 10 million men across the country registered for war service that day. The mood in Memphis that day was extremely patriotic, starting with a parade downtown in the morning that included 30,000 participants, according to Jessie.

In the meantime there were Theda Bara movies to see, and Charlie Chaplin movies always made Jessie laugh. There were fine cars to ride in. In fact, on May 1st, Jessie had a date with a fellow who drove a Peerless auto. The Peerless Motor Car Co. built high quality luxury autos and were one of the Three Ps of luxury automobiles – Packard, Peerless, and Pierce-Arrow.

During this time Jessie also became better acquainted with a young businessman from Great Britain, Douglas Gardner. He often brought her gifts when he came back from business trips or vacations, and on June 28th he brought Jessie an alligator purse from his vacation in Florida. Once in her diary Jessie speculated that Douglas was probably enjoying himself during this time in Memphis. All the local young men were leaving for the war, and he being British and 32 years of age (and wealthy – he was from an old family whose lumber business had been in operation for over 400 years at that time, since 1590!) was ineligible to serve. So he became a reliable and welcome date for Jessie and a number of other young women of Jessie’s acquaintance in Memphis during this time.

Alligator purse given to Jessie Latham by Douglas Gardner on June 28, 1917

Jessie Latham, penny picture, July 27, 1917

On July 17th Swayne came home on a 5-day furlough, leaving again for Camp Andrew Jackson in Nashville on July 22nd. Jessie then decided to take a train tour of military camps/forts where some of her friends and Swayne were in training. On July 31st she took the train to Nashville and within a few days ‘fell in love’ with Lieut. Temple (whom she called Temp). In her diary she declared,”I can’t realize it all happened. I was so very happy, it all seems like some wonderful dream. But at present I surely think Temp is the person I’ve been looking for all these years. He said such beautiful things…” (August 4, 1917). After nine days in Nashville Jessie headed to Signal Mountain in Chattanooga, Tennessee and her soldier friends at Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. She spent a few days there. On her way back to Memphis the train stopped in Nashville and Jessie had one last meeting with Temp before he left for France. August 14th was the day of their parting, “We had so much to say and so little time that the principle thing I can remember is Temp’s saying “I love you” over and over… How I did want to go with Temp but I’m going to try and wait until the war is over before I marry him…” So sad! So romantic! Oddly Jessie never mentioned his first name. Then she was back to Memphis and her regular life.

Frank (Bud) Latham sometime during WWI, 1917-18

August 20th Swayne came home on furlough. The next day, the 21st, Bud came home thinking he had 10 days with his family, but the very next day he received a telegram telling him to report immediately. “Bud got a telegram this afternoon to report at once so he had to leave to-night. How I hated to see him go. He is nearer to me than almost anybody in the world. I love him so much. He is so wonderful that surely he will come back.” Bud’s (Frank’s) telegram telling his mother not to worry came on the 23rd.

February and March 1917, Memphis

In the winter and spring of 1917 Jessie was 22 years old. Her life has been pretty much about dating, dancing, partying, and just having fun. She reads lots of books, she teaches Sunday School, she does some “good works,” but mostly she is just having fun. Life is about to change though. The war in Europe will soon spill over into Jessie’s life and become very personal. Not just yet though. So here is another ‘slice of life’ posting, or what I like to call cultural tidbits from Jessie’s life during February and March of 1917.

Parties! Parties! Parties! Jessie wrote so many wonderful descriptions of parties and dances in her diaries, but only in the last few months of 1916 and the beginning of 1917 does she mention alcohol at the parties. It is always with code words, she never actually says alcohol or whiskey, etc., but it is obvious what she meant. On February 6, 1917 Jessie went to a wedding reception/dance that was “certainly a memorable party – absolutely wet, simply flowing, with lots of funny little happenings.” But on March 26th Jessie wrote that she went to a dance at the Tennessee Club where there was “such a world of stags. Am afraid they were rather disappointed for they all expected some glad water and there was none.”

On February 15th Jessie mentions that the government has moved the national aviation school to Memphis. Aviation shows were already popular in Memphis, so going out to the airfield to watch the aeroplanes becomes a popular activity.

The fancy dress Mardi Gras Ball was held at the Chickasaw Guards Club on February 20th, 1917. Jessie and her date ‘Coach’ are in the top right corner in the above newspaper clipping (The Commercial Appeal). Jessie and her mother made her costume. She was a “green leaf,” so her dress must have been green. Coach (R.L. Sullivan) was dressed as “a small town sport.” As you can see from the clipping, the costumes were quite creative.

It seems like Jessie’s picture was always showing up in the local newspaper! On February 28th Jessie and some other young women posed in Grecian style costumes for a newspaper spread on an upcoming pageant. The feature was published on March 11, 1917. The above pictures are the two halves of the top of the newspaper page. Jessie is in the photo of three women on a sofa. She is on the left.

On March 18, 1917, all the young men who had been sent to the border as part of the Mexican Border War returned home. No doubt the U.S. was preparing for entry into a larger conflict, World War I. The returning soldiers included the Chickasaw Guards in Memphis, of which Bud (or Frank), Jessie’s older brother, was one. All of Memphis seemed to turn out for the parade welcoming the young men home. Jessie described the scene: “1100 soldiers led by the old Confederate veterans and boy scouts. Six aeroplanes flying above, dropping messages of welcome.” On March 23rd was the final regimental review of the First Tennessee Regiment, another parade down Main Street, and a march to Russwood Park (home of the Memphis Chicks baseball team). Jessie was among a group of girls chosen to pin medals on the soldiers, and once again had her picture in the paper.The descriptions of the pictures note that Jessie (top picture) is pinning a medal on one of the “Chicks” Frank Dooley.

Irby “Rabbit” Curry, Vanderbilt quarterback 1914-1916

And here are some random final notes. On March 6, 1917, Jessie had a date with Rabbit Curry. Irby Rice (Rabbit) Curry was an honored quarterback for Vanderbilt University from 1914-1916. He would have graduated in 1918 but enlisted in the military when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917. Some time between going out with Jessie and leaving for Europe, Rabbit married Dimple Jenna Rush. He joined the 95th Aero Squadron and on August 10, 1918 was killed in aerial combat over Perles, France.

‘Coach’ (R.L. Sullivan), one of Jessie’s best friends, was the football coach at Memphis High when Jessie’s younger brother Swayne attended high school and played football there. On March 11, 1917 Coach returned from a visit to Oxford, Mississippi, home of the University of Mississippi. He told Jessie he liked it fine. Perhaps he was interviewing for a job, because he was the head football coach at “Ole Miss” from 1919 to 1921, and the head basketball coach there from 1919 to 1925.

The Ghosts of my Friends, 1916

On November 24, 1916, Jessie gave a luncheon in honor of the debutantes. She had several activities planned. During the luncheon and after each course, the girls each received a favor which represented a prediction of the future or a personal insight of some kind. Jessie drew a dipper – for the dippiest debutante. It was also predicted that she would marry a farmer, and that in the winter of 1917 she would have a love affair that would almost break her heart, but all would end well. Next, all the girls had their palms read. Jessie was told she “was fickle, but very sincere and frank.” And finally, as Jessie said, “we saw the Ghosts of my friends.” The Ghosts of My Friends was a novelty autograph book. The directions at the front of the book were: “Sign your name along the fold of the paper with a full pen of ink, and then double the page over without using blotting paper.” The ghost of your friend would then be revealed. Jessie must have bought this book especially for this luncheon, and the ghosts of all the debutantes were revealed in it that day!

Constance Wait’s ‘ghost’, November 24, 1916

Sarah Perkins’ ‘ghost’, November 24, 1916

Jessie Latham’s ‘ghost’, November 24, 1916

After Jessie’s signature in 1916, the next entries were her husband’s signature in 1934 (Percy A. Perkins), followed by her children. My 9-year-old mother Frances signed in 1935, and my uncle Percy signed as an 8 or 9-year-old boy. The next date listed in the book is with my signature (Jenny Klein) in 1960. I was 8. My brother Vic, who was 12, signed on July 6, 1960. My sister Karen signed in June, 1964. She was 10 at the time and is the last entry, and because we no longer had good drippy fountain pens, Karen designed her own ghost. (My youngest sister Judy missed all the fun, being too little to sign.)

There was an earlier similar book titled Your Hidden Skeleton. Jessie must have gotten this book around 1910. She began having people sign her book, friends and family, on June 1, 1910. By June 4th the book was full. But inside, I was thrilled to see her mother’s beautiful penmanship and ghost, and also her father’s signature, F.S. Latham, and her brother Swayne’s autograph. A clever, but a dead entertainment.

Debutantes, Memphis 1916

Debutante: a young woman, typically from a wealthy or aristocratic family, who is making her formal entrance into society.

It is an old fashioned tradition, dating from late 18th century England, and at its inception was a tool to marry off daughters. Even today, the young women are dressed in almost formal bridal attire, usually white but with no veil, and presented to a select segment of society in which an available and appropriate bachelor might espy the lovely young lass and take her off her father’s hands. That sounds mighty sexist. And in fact it is, or it was. I don’t know. But I think most young debutantes today might think of the affair more like a huge party that celebrates their passage into adulthood. (Do men do that?) In all truthfulness, I too was a debutante in 1969 or ’70. I grew up in the South in Knoxville, Tennessee, and my mother made me do it, and she made my two younger sisters do it as well. My mother was Jessie’s daughter after all.

Jessie had mixed feelings about becoming a ‘Deb’ thinking that it was too expensive, or silly and trivial. After going to all the debutante parties and balls for the previous few years, and seeing most of her close friends become debutantes, she decided to do it. On October 22, 1916 her announcement came out in the newspaper. The picture above was the photograph in the announcement. The caption under the photograph read Miss Jessie Latham. Miss Latham is one of the loveliest of the debutantes who will be formally introduced to society this season at the Chickasaw Guards’ ball on Thursday evening, Nov. 9. She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. F.S. Latham and will be the recipient of many social affairs previous to the ball, the first of which will be given Wednesday, Nov. 1, by Mrs. L.Y. Kerr at her home on Overton Park Avenue. From her diaries I get the impression that Jessie loved being a debutante after all. She was a very social person and rarely tired of going out, so all the luncheons, card parties, dances, and the final ball were completely delightful to Jessie.At the debutante ball. Jessie is in the second row, third from right. Dr. Coppedge, Jessie’s date for the ball, is in front of her on the floor, second from right.

Just the girls, Jessie is seated on the first row, second from right.

Monday, January 23, 1922: One day is very much like any other day these days. Never was a time before when I wasn’t interested in some body and doing some-thing every minute. I’m trying to stop for awhile and then I shall concentrate. Mother and I went to the picture show this afternoon. Saw Viola Dana in Peacock Alley. Also saw Miss Edith Mae Patterson who has recently been chosen as the “most beautiful girl in the U.S.”. She made a little talk. She is pretty but not the most beautiful to me. A family game of dominoes to-night.

Tuesday, January 24, 1922: Swayne’s birthday!! He celebrated by leaving for Mississippi. Went to a tea over at Helen Donelson Powell’s this afternoon in honor of Mary Rogers from New York and Miss Wilde from England. ‘Twas a lovely party. About 50 there. Knew them all and ’twas a most congenial crowd. Lucille Halgrave brought me home. F.D. was out early this afternoon until I left for the party. Had F.D. and Miriam over to-night to play bridge with Jimmie and me. Rather think they beat us. F.D. left to-night at 11 for New Orleans. Jimmie came early and stayed late. Brought lovely candy too. We had much to talk about.

Wednesday, January 25, 1922: Oguerita and Miss Martha Polk came over this afternoon and we drove over to Mrs. Carson’s but she wasn’t at home. Then to Clint’s but no luck. Then called on Lucille. Her sister Mary Heath is visiting her now. Later we went down for Pokey. I had dinner and spent the night with Oguerita. Had a most charming time with the baby. She is precious. My lorgnettes these days seem to be serving as a teething ring. And the beads on my hat seem to fascinate the babies everywhere I go. Pokey, Oguerita and I had a midnight supper.

Thursday, January 26, 1922: Up for breakfast this morning with Oguerita and Pokey. Then the interesting hour of ten where baby has her bath. She was adorable to-day. So wish I had one like her. Had lunch with Oguerita, then hurried home and over to Clint Brooks Palmer’s to the Gossip Club. Clint’s new home is most attractive. From Clint’s I went over to Clara’s to a dinner party. Four companies. Then Clint McK., John and I had a race. Francis and Sarah Bell came over. We played bridge. Then went to a minstrel show, then drove into Fortune’s for a drink or rather ice cream. Spent the night with Clara.

Friday, January 27, 1922: I felt as though I slept in a Pullman last night. Clara is a regular Porter when it comes to making beds. I breakfasted alone. Clara and I had much to talk about this morning, then too I found an interesting book. Had lunch with Clara. This afternoon we went over to Louise Robertson Wilbourn’s to play bridge. Clint, Clara, Louise and I and we did have a jolly time. Tea at four then more bridge. I was about the worst player. I’m so tickled over Louise and Frank. They are so happy.

Saturday, January 28, 1922: Home again! This morning Mother and I Flivered to town with Swayne. Much shopping to do getting ready for brother’s luncheons next week. Didn’t leave town until five this afternoon. Swayne brought us home. To-night I played checkers with Dad. He can’t get over the fact that I beat him now. Then Mother joined us for a game of dominoes. Is this really me, staying home playing games with Mother and Dad?

Sunday, January 29, 1922: Went to Sunday School this morning. Twelve in my class and [it was a] job trying to keep them still. Stayed for church. A Missionary from Africa gave a most interesting talk. I’m trying hard to decide just what’s best to do. I sometimes wonder what I’ve done all these years that I haven’t thought about the things I’m thinking of now, the things that seem to make life worth while.

Monday, January 30, 1922: I shall never know what the mysterious call was this morning. Funny how some things make you wonder, and there’s no way of ever knowing. Went to town this afternoon. Had a date with Jimmie to-night. We went to the Orpheum. Took Elizabeth and Bob Heard with us. Very good bill. Enjoyed Beverly Bane and Francis X. Buchanan so much, and was so thrilled when I saw them at the Gayoso afterwards. The Wilton Sisters were very good. After the show we went to the supper dance at the Gayoso. A better show than the Orpheum. We surely did have much to amuse us and heaps of fun. Good dances with Jimmie, Gadon, Noel, and Kit Williams. Jimmie is some driver without brakes.

Tuesday, January 31, 1922: Mother gave a luncheon to-day and I was very busy in the kitchen. Thanks to Swayne going hunting yesterday, we had quail. Callie and I worked hard and everything was fine. Awfully cute favors and fortunes. I was invited to a bridge luncheon at Lucille M.’s to-day but had to decline. Went to a bridge party at Elizabeth Heard’s this afternoon for Blanche and Miss Wilde. I stayed at head table but didn’t win the prize. ‘Twas a lovely little party. Kathleen brought me home. A long talk with Jimmie. He told us of the accident. Went riding with the Anderson’s to-night.

Wednesday, February 1, 1922: Mother gave another luncheon to-day. Most attractive with all the Valentine’s decorations, favors and fortunes. I was chief assistant to Callie again. There was Mrs. Berry, Mrs. Rudisill, Mrs. Anderson, Mrs. Carpenter, Mrs. Warden, Mrs. Satterfield. Mrs. Berry started talking of psychology to them and ’twas after four when they left the table. Then a long talk with Jimmie. The rest of the day and ’til one to-night, I read If Winter Comes. I thoroughly enjoyed it for I wept and laughed continuously. Don’t know when I have enjoyed a book so much. “Oh Wind, if Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” It made me do much thinking to-night. I quite agree with Mona in much she said.

Thursday, February 2, 1922: Martha entertained the Gossip Club at lunch to-day. Anne came by for me in her car. We had a lovely luncheon and a most pleasant afternoon. Lots more time to talk, though it is hard sometimes to always hear them talk about their children. Went home with Clint for awhile, then she brought me home. Had a date with Jimmie to-night. We went to the picture show. Saw Wallace Reid in Rent Free. Rotten! But Jimmie is good company. He never lets you know when he is blue or depressed. And I know how much patience he has.

Friday, February 3, 1922: Went to town this afternoon shoe-hunting. Soon finished my job, then met Mr. Turner. We went to Fortune’s for a drink, then took a walk. I had a date with Jimmie at five. He wanted me to help him select some records for me. With Owen’s assistance we got a dozen lovely ones. I didn’t think he should get so many. Then Jimmie and I had dinner at the Gayoso. Music with my meals seems a luxury these days. We drove home a mile a minute and had a few dances before my date got here. Had a date with Arnold Lunt from Liverpool to-night. Another interesting Englishman. We went to the picture show. Saw Bebe Daniels in Nancy from Nowhere.

Saturday, February 4, 1922: A rainy day and of course that meant stay in doors. Did lots of little odd jobs. The most unnecessary mashing my finger. Swayne got home to-day. It’s always a joy to have him home. Had a date with Maurice Alsop. I’ll soon be saying “bean” constantly if I’m always with these Englishmen. To-night we went to see The Birth of a Nation again. It had been years since I had seen it. Had no idea I would get so excited again and have so many thrills. But I did and then some. It gives you an awful feeling about Negroes.

Sunday, February 5, 1922: Taught my Sunday School class as usual this morning, then stayed for church. Read all afternoon. To-night I wrote about a half dozen letters. The one at midnight I already regret having written. I was a bit too serious. The trouble is that I am thoroughly disgusted with one Jessie. I think I shall start to change her.

Monday, February 6, 1922: Had an engagement for lunch with Laura Freidel. We went to Britling’s. Mother was with us. My first time there and we had stacks of fun. Then I had promised to go to the Orpheum with Laura. A real good show. Mary Haynes was funny, then Grant Mitchel was there in The Future. Met Dodge afterwards, then Swayne and he drove us home. Then I rushed over to Elizabeth and Bob Heard’s for dinner. Kit Williams (from Washington) was also there for dinner. Then to-night the four of us went to the Orpheum. Having seen the show I shared my lorgnettes with them. Afterwards we went to the supper dance at the Gayoso. Had worlds of fun. Kit is a scream. He keeps me laughing all the time. I got locked out so I spent the night with Elizabeth. That Kit is certainly good company.

Tuesday, February 7, 1922: A curious dream I had about “Liz” last night. I waited until I had breakfast before telling her. Spent the morning playing with little John and little Bob. Had lunch with Elizabeth. This afternoon I went to a bridge party over at Nancy Donelson’s. Her club and she asked me to fill in. Sarah Hunt Metcalf, Lucille Halgrave, Eugenia Talley, Mary Marsh, Helen Powell, Clint, Nancy. Clint brought me home. Had an engagement to-night with Arnold Lunt. We went to see Constance Talmadge in The Way to a Man’s Heart, or rather Polly of the Follies. Didn’t do much window shopping to-night.

Wednesday, February 8, 1922: I was so sleepy and tired last night that I almost forgot to wake up or get up this morning, ‘Twas just about noon. Went calling this afternoon. Went over to see Ada Carrington but she wasn’t at home. So I stopped in Mrs. Hooker’s, then at the Rudisill’s where I spent the rest of the afternoon. Had an engagement with my dad to-night to play checkers. We both won several games and I dreamt of checkers all night.

Thursday, February 9, 1922: Spent the morning at the dentist, then home for a late luncheon. Had a date with Jimmie to-night. We went to the testimonial dinner at the Gayoso to-night for Mr. Gus Fritz himself. He is going to run for United States senator and I sure hope he gets it. An unusually good dinner. Joe Fleece, Mr. McCallum, Mr. Coats were at the table with us and we had much fun. Then the speeches! And I was so proud of the ladies. Mrs. Isaac Blue made a wonderful speech. Mrs. Perryman made a big hit when she said ’twas the first time she had ever seen the three Memphis papers agree on any-thing. ‘Twas most interesting.

Friday, February 10, 1922: Had a few girls over to play bridge this afternoon – Ada Carrington, Kathleen Price, and June Thompson. We had a very congenial afternoon. Was to play bridge to-night with Louise and Frank Wilbourn and Edwin Estes, but Louise got sick. So I was able to do something I’ve wanted to do for a long time. Went to the Jewish synagogue and heard Dr. Fineshreiber give a talk on Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables. It was most interesting. He is certainly a smart man, makes everything so clear and simple.

Saturday, February 11, 1922: Swayne Flivered me to town this morning, a dreaded trip to the dentist, and there I was until noon. Mother and I had lunch at Britling’s. They do have such good things to eat there. The pies look like sky scrapers. Shopped this afternoon. Swayne and I used up much gasoline trying to find Rembert Ave. So sorry Dad isn’t feeling well. He has had a terrible cold. Played dominoes with him to-night.

Sunday, February 12, 1922: Went to Sunday School and church this morning. Had ten little girls in my class. This year I am certainly taking Sunday literally as a day of rest for I don’t do a thing but read. I feel as though I’ve suddenly come to a stand still, and that everybody else is moving on, that I must hurry if I want to catch up with them.

Monday, February 13, 1922: Went out riding this afternoon with Oguerita and little Martha Polk. She is precious. Again she used my lorgnette as a teething ring and I wondered why every thing looked so cloudy at the show to-night. Went to the Orpheum to-night with Jimmie. Carlyle Blackwell was there in Eight, Six, and Four. Connie O’Donnell was the funniest thing in the show. He was a scream. Jimmie is a peach and I always have such good times with him. He makes things so pleasant.

Monday, February 14, 1922: A cold rainy day. I spent the afternoon at the dentist. To-night I went to the Evergreen Civic Club election and banquet over at Snowden School. The Greens and Whites have been hard at work. All the decorations were beautiful. Betty was with us. Joe was running for Secretary on the Green ticket. The stunts were so clever. Then the banquet just before midnight and lots more speeches.

Wednesday, February 15, 1922: Clara persuaded me to go hat hunting with her this afternoon. We walked the town over and couldn’t satisfy our looks and purse both at the same time. Met Francis Cater and we went to Fortune’s for a drink. Had a date with Arnold Lunt to-night. We went to the picture show. Saw Saturday Night. Most interesting. I felt so sorry for Iris when they left her all alone in the fire. Mr. Lunt insisted that I not run off with the chauffeur but phone him when I felt like eloping.

Thursday, February 16, 1922: Helen had the gossip club for lunch with her to-day. We always have much to talk about. Clint brought me home. She looked adorable in her new suit “just from Paris”. Had a date with Jimmie to-night to go see Pavlova and her Ballet Russe at the Lyric. Jimmie gave a box party. Had invited Miriam and Virginia, F.D. and Dr. Powell to join us. Pavlova was perfectly wonderful. A wonderful company of about fifty with her, and they did all kinds of dances. Novikoff, Pavlova’s partner, was a wonder – Mlle Butsova, Mlle Lindowtha. Pianowski, Warzynski, and Komarieff were the best of the men. ‘Twas Pavlova’s birthday. Had a party between acts.

Friday, February 17, 1922: Had to go to the dentist this afternoon. It’s seldom I have this unpleasant job. Clara met me there, then we went to the picture show. I was most agreeable and went to see a picture I had already seen, Saturday Night, at the Palace. It’s very good and I enjoyed it again. Certainly teaches a lesson that you should stick to your own class. Oil and water cannot mix. And to-night I played dominoes with Dad. So this wasn’t a very exciting day for me.

Saturday, February 18, 1922: Went to a bridge party this afternoon over at Maidee Loach Adams for Mrs. Pemberton, Eleanor Wilson, from Oklahoma City. It’s been years since I’ve seen Eleanor and I certainly enjoyed seeing her again. Lovely party too. Then I went for a ride with John and Clint. Then I went to a dinner over at Mrs. Berry’s. Jean was having some of her favorite teachers for dinner and I got in as her Sunday School teacher. Dot Gilliland, Mary Clay Tate, and Miss Sturla were there. Lovely little souvenirs, dance cards and all. After dinner we played bridge and I won the prize, a Flaconette of Coty’s perfume. I broke my date with Mr. Alsop for to-night. Had an indefinite one with Jimmie. When I got home late found he had been here.

Sunday, February 19, 1922: Went to Sunday School and church this morning. My class is most attractive and really interests me. I read all afternoon. My Sundays now are always most quiet and restful. Swayne came home to-night and had to leave immediately for Nashville.

Monday, February 20, 1922: Had a date with Jimmie to-night. Had him come out to dinner with us, then we went to the Orpheum. Rather rotten show. Then we went to the Gayoso afterwards for the supper dance. Much excitement with Grace LaRue and Hale Hampton there. Also some Orpheum actors. Much dancing with Jimmie. Dave was most jovial. Jimmie and I went to a fire shortly before two. Only a shack however.

Tuesday, February 21, 1922: A rush to the dentist then a rush out to Clint Palmer to a bridge party. Lovely time. Played bridge all afternoon, but I didn’t win the prize. Soon as I got home F.D. phoned to say we were leaving at six in the morning for New Orleans. A rush to throw some things in my suit case. Then F.D. came over early, then my date Arnold Lunt arrived. Everybody called me to the phone. Arnold and I took a little walk to the drug store. He seems most interested.

Wednesday, February 22, 1922: Started off on a wild goose chase this morning to drive down to New Orleans for Mardi Gras. F.D. and Jimmie came for me about 5.30 this morning. We saw the sun rise when driving through the park. Then we went over to the Flemings to get Miriam, Virginia and Mrs. Fleming. Had breakfast there, and finally got off. Had our first trouble at Coahoma, but soon moved on. Had lunch at Clarksdale. Reached Yazoo City soon after seven, decided to spend the night there. Traveled 210 miles to-day and ’twas wonderful. Had the loveliest dinner party in our room – fried chicken, rolls, pickles, sandwiches, cream puffs, milk, coffee and ice cream. We surely appreciated the bed when we finally got there.